Linux package management



Algemeen

Informatie:
Links: Enkele artikelen over package management:

Apt package manager

Debian en afgeleiden (Knoppix, Xandros, Linspire, Lycoris, Ubuntu, Mepis, Kanotix, Libranet):

RPM distributies (Fedora, Mandriva, SUSE en afgeleiden):

rpm met apt4rpm. Ook hier zijn synaptic en kynaptic te gebruiken
apt4rpm howto: http://www.howtoforge.com/apt_for_rpm, met Overview: Apt For Fedora, Mandrake/Mandriva, SUSE, RedHat And Yellow Dog Linux
apt4rpm homepage: http://apt4rpm.sourceforge.net/

An RPM port of APT, bu Alfredo K. Kojima, December 2nd, 2000, Freshmeat.net
Artikeltje over apt en rpm met apt4rpm in Linux Format 68 juli 2005.
Artikel over apt4rpm: http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/6672: Power Upgrades with apt4rpm
New features in APT-RPM: http://lwn.net/Articles/60650/


Yum package manager

Fedora

Home page: http://linux.duke.edu/projects/yum/

Yum artikel: http://www.phy.duke.edu/~rgb/General/yum_article.php
Yum-HOWTO: http://www.phy.duke.edu/~rgb/General/yum_HOWTO.php


The Smart package manager

Mandriva (sinds Mandriva Linux 2006), maar ook operationeel voor Fedora, SUSE en Debian en afgeleiden

Home page:
http://smartpm.org/

Description: An alternative package manager that works with dpkg/rpm.
The Smart Package Manager project has the ambitious objective of creating smart and portable algorithms for solving adequately the problem of managing software upgrading and installation. This tool works in all major distributions (APT, APT-RPM, YUM, URPMI, etc).

Here is an EWeek article about it.

Smartpm is bedoeld als opvolger voor APT, Yum, Urpmi etc. Smartpm is ontwikkeld door Conectiva, één van de firma's waaruit Mandriva is ontstaan. De andere, Mandrake, is bekend door zijn Urpmi package manager. De package manager van de nieuwe Mandriva Linux 2006 distributie is Smartpm, waarin Urpmi is geintegreerd.
OpenSUSE levert Smartpm vanaf versie 10.1, maar hij is voor versie 10.0 ook al beschikbaar. Fedora raadt gebruikers aan over te gaan van Apt op Smartpm of Yum.
Meer over de opkomst van Smartpm leest u hier.


SUSE distributie

Ander alternatief voor Yast: fou4s (Fast OnlineUpdate for SuSE): http://fou4s.gaugusch.at/

Apt voor SUSE (link):

The Advanced Package Tool for SUSE HOWTO: http://linux01.gwdg.de/apt4rpm/
Comparison between apt, fou4s en You: http://linux01.gwdg.de/apt4rpm/afy.html


Yum voor SUSE (link):

Yum: in theory yes it could work. its just an rpm package manager. theoretically i could put urpmi on suse, but i'd have to modify a few things, to port it over. http://public.planetmirror.com/pub/yum-rpm/suse/ these rpms seem a bit dated.
SuSE 9.X ftp.suse.com/pub/people/poeml/yum/9.0-i386/yum-2.0.7-1.noarch.rpm
SuSE 9.X ftp.suse.com/pub/people/poeml/yum/9.1-x86_64/yum-2.0.7-0.1.noarch.rpm
SuSE 9.X ftp.suse.com/pub/people/poeml/yum/9.1-i386/yum-2.0.7-0.1.noarch.rpm

these are a bit more current, but still.

smart package manager might be a good idea http://smartpm.org/ or even autopackage. the problem with autopackage right now is that there are not alot of packages in autopackage form yet. 


Nieuws (24 augustus 2005) van LWN:

Roundup of Upcoming Distribution Releases

Let's start with SUSE Linux. The third beta release of SUSE 10.0 should be out by the time you read this, with the final release expected around the middle of September. After years of being developed behind closed doors, SUSE is about to become one of the most open Linux projects, complete with public participation and available as a free download as soon as the testing process is finished. The response by the Linux community has been overwhelmingly positive so far and SUSE's newly established Bugzilla and mailing lists are buzzing with interest. Judging by the first two betas, SUSE 10.0 will be a solid release, perhaps lacking major new features, but it should come with many updated packages, a more consumer-friendly installer and plenty of eye candy. The 'apt' package management utility will be included for the first time.


Nieuws (20 oktober 2005) van Distrowatch:

Development Release: SUSE Linux 10.1 Alpha 2

The second alpha release of SUSE Linux 10.1 has arrived: "SUSE Linux 10.1 Alpha 2 is ready for testing. Significant changes since Alpha 1: new experimental libfontconfig; APT successor SMART is provided in the smart RPM package, it can be used like apt-get using APT or YUM package repositories; update to KDE 3.5 Beta 2; update to GNOME 2.12.1; update to OpenOffice.org 2.0 RC3. Alpha 2 will be followed by Alpha 3 in four weeks. Alpha 2 is not supported and we advice to not use it on production systems.



Mandrake/Mandriva distributie

RPMDRake en MandrakeUpdate: GUI tools

urpmi. Zie http://urpmi.org/. Hier links naar
documentatie e.d.: http://qa.mandrakesoft.com/twiki/bin/view/Main/UrpmiResources
en een web-based tool om urpmi op te zetten: http://easyurpmi.zarb.org/

Mandrakelinux Rpmdrake and URPMI HOWTO: http://www.mandrakehelp.com/RPM-HOWTO.html
Korte howto urpmi: http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/showthread.php?s=&threadid=203939
Howto RpmDrake: http://www.zebulon.org.uk/ICML0.HTML

urpmi FAQ: http://www.speculation.org/garrick/urpmifaq.txt
snel starten met urpmi: http://www.linux-talk.com/post-22.html

Apt voor Mandrake :

In het forum van LinuxFormat is dit te vinden (Posted: Feb 06, 2004):

"You can read a little about this at the Apt-Get For RPM page on http://www.desktop-linux.net or [freshrpms.net] - Apt. However, most if not all of the sites that harbor apt-rpm repositories do so for RedHat and Fedora, not Mandrake. This is because the version of apt for Mandrake 9.2 is patched to use urpmi and the regular Mandrake repositories in your Software Media Manager. So the only benefit you get, it would seem, is that you can then type "apt-get install xfce4" in a terminal rather than "urpmi xfce4". "

en in de MandrakeLinux archieven:
"Apt on mandrake usea mdk hdlist, with a patch from Christiaan Welvaart, so, no need for specific repository. On the other hand, a normal apt index file doesn't work."

Apt voor Mandrake downloaden: van ftp://carroll.cac.psu.edu/pub/linux/distributions/mandrakelinux/ uit de "contrib" secties van de verschillende versies. Toelichting:
" A port of Debian\'s apt tools for RPM based distributions, or at least for Mandriva Linux. Original RPM port done by and for Conectiva. It provides the apt-get utility that provides a simpler, safer way to install and upgrade packages."

Enthousiaste gebruiker: http://voidmain.kicks-ass.net/mandrake/mandrake_9_apt-get_must_have.html.

Originele apt repository: texstar/pclinuxos, met Mandrake pakketten.

apt: zie http://drac.homelinux.org/linux/urpmi-howto-es/x191.html, Apt a Mandrake (Spaans)


Yum voor Mandrake (link):

"The only Mandrake repo I know of is here:
http://mirrors.usc.edu/pub/yum-repository/mandrake/

Here's a sample yum.conf that you can start with here:

http://speculation.org/garrick/yum.conf

Here's an SRPM of the latest yum for Mandrake (the conf in the rpm is for mdk 8.2, so use the conf in the link above):

ftp://polop.usc.edu/pub/srpms/yum-1.0.1-4gs.src.rpm

With access to both yum and urpmi, we have it good on Mandrake :)

The primary difference, from a user's perspective, is that yum updates
it's local headers everytime it runs. The urpmi headers must be updated
manually with 'urpmi.update'. Very generally speaking, if you are doing
one operation, yum is faster; if you are doing several operations, it's
nice to update *once* with urpmi.

'yum list' is slower than 'urpmq -y'
'yum info' doesn't exist in urpmi

yum has "install" and "upgrade" commands, urpmi doesn't differentiate
between the two (which is a behaviour I prefer).

Yum voor Mandrake downloaden: van ftp://carroll.cac.psu.edu/pub/linux/distributions/mandrakelinux/
uit de "contrib" secties van de verschillende versies.


Nieuws (5 september 2005) van Distrowatch:

Mandriva getting "smart" package management

In a recent interview for Linux Format, Mandriva's founder Gaël Duval hinted that the distribution's long-established urpmi package manager will soon incorporate some elements from smart, a package management tool developed by Conectiva:

"They [Conectiva] have some good technology in the Smart software. It's like urpmi, the dependency software of Mandrake, but they have better algorithms and it's more sophisticated. We are going to merge urpmi with Smart into a great separate package."


Nieuws (6 oktober 2005) van Distrowatch:

Mandriva gebruikt Smart als package manager.

DistroWatch reports - 2006 is the ultimate version of Mandriva Linux. It is the fruit of the convergence of three technologies: Mandriva, Conectiva and Lycoris. Mandriva Linux 2006 is also more easy-to-use, more user-friendly and more powerful. It is ideal for the needs of all customers, from the beginner to the SOHO user. New features in 2006: Desktop Search tool, Interactive Firewall, new package manager: Smart, DeltaRPM updates; new installer feature; new software: graphical desktops: KDE 3.4 & GNOME 2.10; better look-and-feel and ergonomics...


Fedora distributie

rpm met yum

http://www.fedorafaq.org/#up2date zegt:
Q: Does up2date still work?
A: Yes, but it no longer uses the Red Hat Network (RHN). (It still downloads from the Red Hat servers, you just can't use the features of the Red Hat Network.)
However, with Fedora, it's better to use yum to get updates, instead of up2date.
Zie verder de FAQ onder "Getting and Installing Software". Gebruik bij voorkeur yum, maar ook apt is mogelijk.


Yum en Apt voor Fedora (link):

Zie de FAQ onder "Getting and Installing Software". Gebruik bij voorkeur yum, maar ook apt is mogelijk.
Nog iets over de achtergronden van yum in plaats van apt voor gebruik in Fedora: http://www.silug.org/lists/silug-discuss/200411/msg00089.html:
"So far, even though the original Fedora Project (Fedora.US / Fedora Extras) preferred APT, and continues to provide an "unified" APT repository of Fedora Core (OS), Extras and Legacy, Red Hat seems dedicated to furthering YUM."

Repositories voor yum, apt en up2date: http://www.xades.com/proj/fedora_repos.html
Over up2date, yum en apt: http://users.skynet.be/the-linux-guy/fedora_beheer.htm
Using apt, yum en up2date met Fedora: http://www.fedora.us/wiki/FedoraHOWTO


Nieuws (5 december 2004) van FedoraForum:

Smartpm beschikbaar voor Fedora Core 3

I'm very pleased to be able to announce you a new solution to manage packages and repositories. The new Smart package manager is able to let
you use different repositories that were not designed to work together. Which was a recurring complaint on this and many other mailinglists.

You can prioritize repositories or prioritize packages and Smart will handle the conflicts and make a decision based on what's available. It
includes a command-line utility (smart) and a GUI that resembles synaptic (smart-gui).

Smart was written by Gustavo Niemeyer from Conectiva (the same guy that  ported apt to rpm and caused the RPM repository revolution). I have made
Fedora Core 3 packages (smart and smart-gui) that you can install from apt  or yum.


Nieuws (6 september 2005) van LWN:

Gebruik in Fedora Core 3 liever Smartpm of Yum dan Apt

The Fedora Project recommends that users migrate away from apt to newer tools like yum or smartpm. Even upstream Conectiva has given up on apt,
instead worked on their new client smartpm rewritten from scratch.  Apt-rpm has bugs (virtual provides bugs like #164601) and missing
functionality (like multilib) that may never be fixed, making it  impossible to support for the Fedora Project.

Yum and smartpm have the direct benefit of being able to use the repodata on official Fedora Project mirrors. Extras has "yumex" and
"kyum" graphical user interfaces available, while smartpm has its own GUI interface. (Hmm... any volunteers to put smartpm into Extras?)


Ubuntu en Kubuntu distributies

APT met Synaptic dan wel Kynaptic, opgevolgd door Adept


Nieuws (12 oktober 2005) van LWN:

Announcing the Ubuntu 5.10 release

The Ubuntu team is proud to announce Ubuntu 5.10. This is the official Ubuntu 5.10 release, and includes installation CDs, live CDs, and combination DVDs for three architectures.

To see it all, you'll need to try the CD, but the highlights of Ubuntu itself include:
On the Desktop (inter alia):
* An enhanced tool for easily installing new applications (see "Add Applications" on the Applications menu)


Nieuws (13 oktober 2005) van LWN:

Announcing Kubuntu 5.10

The second release of Kubuntu, codenamed Breezy Badger, is now available for download. This release comes with the very latest KDE
3.4.3 and includes the new Guidance configuration tools. If you missed our testing releases for Breezy you will be pleased to see the other
new additions in Kubuntu Breezy including Adept package manager, System Settings and KDE Bluetooth.

Here is what's new in Kubuntu 5.10:
Adept and Adept-Updater: Adept is a new package manager for KDE. With advanced search facilities using debtags, hunting for packages is now easier than
ever. To help keep your system current, adept-updater checks to see which packages have changed and makes it easy to download and install the
latest fixes.


Nieuws (13 oktober 2005) in OculusAquilae:

Was ist neu in Kubuntu 5.10 "Breezy Badger"?

Adept und Adept Updater: Der Adept Manager ist der neue Paketmanager in Kubuntu Breezy und ersetzt somit Kubuntus alten Paketmanager Kynaptic. Adept basiert auf der neu entwickelten Bibliothek libapt-front und verwendet die sowie Qt- als auch KDE-Bibliotheken.
Im Gegensatz zu Kynaptic ist er leichter zu benutzen um man kann sowohl Paketbeschreibungen einsehen als auch die Paketquellen konfigurieren (wenn auch noch sehr einfach). Die Suche, die neben dem Paketnamen auch die Beschreibung und den Maintainernamen durchsucht, ist ein besonderer Vorteil von Adept gegenüber anderen Paketmanagern. Der ebenfalls neue Adept Updater (Bilderserie) ermöglicht auch Anfängern ein einfaches Updaten des Systems.


Nieuws (13 oktober 2005) in KDEDevelopers:

Kubuntu Breezy

Kubuntu Breezy is out. There's some fun stuff in this releases, best of all is Adept the package manager. At long last .deb distributions have a decent package manager. It needs some extra features, usability review and a cut down version along the lines gnome-app-install but we have the ability to do all that now quite easily.




Andere systemen voor package management


Autopackage: http://www.autopackage.org

Autopackage is the multi-distribution binary packaging framework for Linux systems. Here at OSnews is an introduction to Autopackage.


Meer systemen

Hier vindt u nog wat meer package management systemen en tools,
en hier kunt u zien welke package management systemen door allerlei distributies worden gebruikt.


Package management tools voor KDE/QT:

Algemeen:
APT frontend: Yum frontend:
Slackware frontend:
Frontend voor broncode pakketten: Portage frontend: Ports/PkgSrc frontend:

Package management tools voor Gnome/GTK:

Algemeen:
APT frontend:
Yum frontend:RPM frontend:
Slackware frontend:
Frontend voor broncode pakketten:
Portage frontend:
Ports frontend:


Hans Lunsing (e-mail), 11 februari 2006